Schema

Behavioral StudiesPedagogy & Learning

A mental structure that organises knowledge and guides how new information is interpreted and stored.

In cognitive learning theory, learners build and refine schemas as they encounter new experiences, either assimilating information into existing structures or accommodating by revising them. Well-organised schemas support faster recall and transfer.

Related Terms
Cognitivism
A learning theory that views the mind as an information processor and focuses on internal mental processes such as memory, attention and problem-solving.
Constructivism
A learning theory holding that learners actively construct their own understanding by building on prior knowledge and experience rather than passively receiving information.
Cognitive Load
The amount of mental effort demanded by a learning task.
Metacognition
Awareness and control of one's own thinking and learning processes, often described as 'thinking about thinking'.
Scaffolding
Temporary instructional support that is gradually removed as learners gain competence.