Intrinsic vs Extrinsic Motivation

Behavioral StudiesPedagogy & Learning

Two sources of drive to act: intrinsic motivation arises from internal satisfaction and interest, while extrinsic motivation comes from external rewards or pressures such as grades or recognition.

Educational research suggests intrinsic motivation supports deeper, more durable learning, though extrinsic incentives can be useful when intrinsic interest is low. Effective teaching seeks to nurture autonomy, competence and relatedness to strengthen intrinsic motivation.

Related Terms
Motivation
The internal and external forces that initiate, direct and sustain goal-directed behaviour, including learning.
Self-Determination Theory
A theory of motivation proposing that people are most motivated and well-functioning when three basic psychological needs are met: autonomy, competence and relatedness.
Self-Efficacy
An individual's belief in their own capacity to succeed at a specific task or in a particular situation, a concept central to the work of Albert Bandura.
Gamification
The use of game elements such as points, badges and leaderboards to drive engagement in learning.
Growth Mindset
The belief, described by Carol Dweck, that abilities and intelligence can be developed through effort, strategy and persistence, as opposed to a fixed mindset that sees them as static.